Microscopic examination of normal nail clippings
Keywords:
nails, normality, nail clipping, microscopy, histotechnologyAbstract
Background: Nail clipping analysis for diagnosing causes of onychodystrophy other than onychomycosis is investigated to a very small extent. In order to achieve acceptance as a diagnostic method for any kind of nail abnormalities, normal microscopic parameters have to be established first. In most reported cases, nail plates were fixed in formalin with processing of the specimens with routine automated histotechnique.
References
1. Suarez SM, Silvers DN, Scher RK, Pearlstein HH, Auerbach R. Histologic evaluation of nail clippings for diagnosing onychomycosis. Arch Dermatol. 1991;127(10):1517-9. CrossRef
2. Machler BC, Kirsner RS, Elgart GW. Routine histologic examination for the diagnosis of onychomycosis: an evaluation of sensitivity and specificity. Cutis. 1998;61(4):217-9.
3. Lawry MA, Haneke E, Strobeck K, et al. Methods for diagnosing onychomycosis: a comparative study and review of the literature. Arch Dermatol. 2000;136(9):1112-6. CrossRef
4. Gianni C, Morelli V, Cerri A, et al. Usefulness of histological examination for the diagnosis of onychomycosis. Dermatology. 2001;202(4):283-8. CrossRef
5. Barak O, Asarch A, Horn T. PAS is optimal for diagnosing onychomycosis. J Cutan Pathol. 2010;37(10):1038-40. CrossRef
6. Wilsmann-Theis D, Sareika F, Bieber T, Schmid-Wendtner MH, Wenzel J. New reasons for histopathological nail-clipping examination in the diagnosis of onychomycosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(2):235-7. CrossRef
7. Mayer E, Izhak OB, Bergman R. Histopathological periodic acid-schiff stains of nail clippings as a second-line diagnostic tool in onychomycosis. Am J Dermatopathol. 2012;34(3):270-3. CrossRef
8. Walling HW. Subclinical onychomycosis is associated with tinea pedis. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(4):746-9. CrossRef
9. Laporte M, André J, Stouffs-Vanhoof F, Achten G. Nail changes in alopecia areata: light and electron microscopy. Arch Dermatol Res. 1988;280 Suppl:S85-9.
10. Miteva M, de Farias DC, Zaiac M, Romanelli P, Tosti A. Nail clipping diagnosis of onychomatricoma. Arch Dermatol. 2011;147(9):1117-8. CrossRef
11. Ackerman AB, Böer A, Bennin B, Gottlieb GJ. Embryologic, histologic, and anatomic aspects of the nail. In: Histologic Diagnosis of Inflammatory Skin Diseases. An Algorithmic Method Based on Pattern Analysis. 3rd ed. New York: Ardor Scribendi, Ltd., 2005. Available at: http://www.derm101.com.
12. Baran R. The nail in the elderly. Clin Dermatol. 2011;29(1):54-60. CrossRef
13. Magalhães MG, Succi ICB, Sousa MAJ. Subsídios para estudo histopatológico das lesões ungueais. An Bras Dermatol. 2003;78:49-61.
14. Parent D, Achten G, Stouffs-Vanhoof F. Ultrastructure of the normal human nail. Am J Dermatopathol. 1985;7(6):529-35. CrossRef
15. Yaemsiri S, Hou N, Slining MM, He K. Growth rate of human fingernails and toenails in healthy American young adults. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010;24(4):420-3. CrossRef
16. Mondragon G. Histotechnologist to histopathologist: a method for processing specimens of nails. Dermatopathology: Practical Conceptual. 1996;2:41-2.
17. Fillus Neto J, Tchornobay AM. How the nail clipping helps the dermatologist. An Bras Dermatol. 2009;84(2):173-6.
2. Machler BC, Kirsner RS, Elgart GW. Routine histologic examination for the diagnosis of onychomycosis: an evaluation of sensitivity and specificity. Cutis. 1998;61(4):217-9.
3. Lawry MA, Haneke E, Strobeck K, et al. Methods for diagnosing onychomycosis: a comparative study and review of the literature. Arch Dermatol. 2000;136(9):1112-6. CrossRef
4. Gianni C, Morelli V, Cerri A, et al. Usefulness of histological examination for the diagnosis of onychomycosis. Dermatology. 2001;202(4):283-8. CrossRef
5. Barak O, Asarch A, Horn T. PAS is optimal for diagnosing onychomycosis. J Cutan Pathol. 2010;37(10):1038-40. CrossRef
6. Wilsmann-Theis D, Sareika F, Bieber T, Schmid-Wendtner MH, Wenzel J. New reasons for histopathological nail-clipping examination in the diagnosis of onychomycosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(2):235-7. CrossRef
7. Mayer E, Izhak OB, Bergman R. Histopathological periodic acid-schiff stains of nail clippings as a second-line diagnostic tool in onychomycosis. Am J Dermatopathol. 2012;34(3):270-3. CrossRef
8. Walling HW. Subclinical onychomycosis is associated with tinea pedis. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(4):746-9. CrossRef
9. Laporte M, André J, Stouffs-Vanhoof F, Achten G. Nail changes in alopecia areata: light and electron microscopy. Arch Dermatol Res. 1988;280 Suppl:S85-9.
10. Miteva M, de Farias DC, Zaiac M, Romanelli P, Tosti A. Nail clipping diagnosis of onychomatricoma. Arch Dermatol. 2011;147(9):1117-8. CrossRef
11. Ackerman AB, Böer A, Bennin B, Gottlieb GJ. Embryologic, histologic, and anatomic aspects of the nail. In: Histologic Diagnosis of Inflammatory Skin Diseases. An Algorithmic Method Based on Pattern Analysis. 3rd ed. New York: Ardor Scribendi, Ltd., 2005. Available at: http://www.derm101.com.
12. Baran R. The nail in the elderly. Clin Dermatol. 2011;29(1):54-60. CrossRef
13. Magalhães MG, Succi ICB, Sousa MAJ. Subsídios para estudo histopatológico das lesões ungueais. An Bras Dermatol. 2003;78:49-61.
14. Parent D, Achten G, Stouffs-Vanhoof F. Ultrastructure of the normal human nail. Am J Dermatopathol. 1985;7(6):529-35. CrossRef
15. Yaemsiri S, Hou N, Slining MM, He K. Growth rate of human fingernails and toenails in healthy American young adults. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010;24(4):420-3. CrossRef
16. Mondragon G. Histotechnologist to histopathologist: a method for processing specimens of nails. Dermatopathology: Practical Conceptual. 1996;2:41-2.
17. Fillus Neto J, Tchornobay AM. How the nail clipping helps the dermatologist. An Bras Dermatol. 2009;84(2):173-6.
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2013-07-31
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1.
Werner B, Antunes A. Microscopic examination of normal nail clippings. Dermatol Pract Concept. Published online July 31, 2013:9-14. doi:10.5826/dpc.0303a04
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