Validation of the Turkish Version of the Skin Cancer Quality of Life Impact Tool (SCQOLIT): A Health Related Quality Of Life Questionnaire for Non-Metastatic Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer

Hilayda Karakok; Seher Bostancı; Bengü Nisa Akay; Deniz  Caliskan; can ateş; Serdal Kenan Kose

doi:10.5826/dpc.1301a1

Validation of the Turkish Version of the Skin Cancer Quality of Life Impact Tool (SCQOLIT): A Health Related Quality Of Life Questionnaire for Non-Metastatic Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer

Authors

Hilayda Karakok Sifahane, Private Practice Office of Dermatology and Venereology, Ataturk Bulvarı, Tasbası Mahallesi, Altınordu - Ordu, Turkey
Seher Bostancı Ankara University Medical School, Department of Dermatology and Venereology
Bengu Nisa Akay Ankara University Medical School, Department of Dermatology and Venereology
Deniz Caliskan Ankara University Medical School, Department of Public Health
Can Ateş Department of Biostatistics, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, School of Medicine
Kenan Kose Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics

Keywords:

quality of life, skin cancer, SCQOLIT, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Introduction: Skin cancer is the third most common type of cancer worldwide that has increased in incidence. Quality of life (QoL) instruments have been developed to measure the efficacy of treatments of cancers.

Objectives: The only validated tool that can be used in both nonmetastatic skin cancer types is the SCQOLIT. This study aimed to validate the Turkish version of the Skin Cancer Quality of Life Impact Tool (SCQOLIT).

Methods: A total of 141 patients diagnosed and treated for skin cancer within the previous 3 months were included. The tool was translated into Turkish in accordance with International Translation Guidelines. The Dermatology Quality of Life Index that was used for external validation. Patient demographics were recorded.

Results: Question 3 had a factor load of 0.372, indicating the inadequacy of this question in predicting QoL, a point that the original study did not mention. The SCQOLIT had external validity, convergent validity and internal consistency (Cronbach alpha=0.863), and test-repeat-test correlation coefficient was 0.824 (95% confidence interval; 0.644 – 0.918). Patients diagnosed with melanoma had poorer QoL scores. High-risk tumor characteristics in nonmelanoma skin cancer and stage of melanoma had no impact on QoL (p=0.235 for basal cell carcinoma, p=1.00 for squamous cell carcinoma, p=0.635 for melanoma).

Conclusions: The Turkish version of the SCQOLIT is validated. Age was shown to have a statistically significant negative correlation with QoL, while Fitzpatrick skin type, gender, risk classification, stage, history of skin cancer, family history of skin cancer and treatment modality had no effect on QoL.

References

1. Karimi M, Brazier J. Health, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Quality of Life: What is the Difference? PharmacoEconomics. 2016 Jul;34(7):645-9. PubMed PMID: 26892973.
2. Leiter U, Garbe C. Epidemiology of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer—the role of sunlight. Sunlight, vitamin D and skin cancer: Springer; 2008. p. 89-103.
3. Burdon-Jones D, Thomas P, Baker R. Quality of life issues in nonmetastatic skin cancer. The British journal of dermatology. 2010 Jan;162(1):147-51. PubMed PMID: 19796177.
4. Hawkins DM, Jacobsen G, Johnson CC, Lim HW, Eide MJ. Self-reported quality of life after skin cancer in young adults. The Journal of dermatological treatment. 2014 Dec 30:1-4. PubMed PMID: 25490454.
5. Rhee JS, Matthews BA, Neuburg M, Logan BR, Burzynski M, Nattinger AB. Validation of a quality-of-life instrument for patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer. Archives of facial plastic surgery. 2006 Sep-Oct;8(5):314-8. PubMed PMID: 16982987. Pubmed Central PMCID: 2556600.
6. Schlesinger-Raab A, Schubert-Fritschle G, Hein R, Stolz W, Volkenandt M, Holzel D, et al. Quality of life in localised malignant melanoma. Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO. 2010 Dec;21(12):2428-35. PubMed PMID: 20494965.
7. Waalboer-Spuij R, Nijsten TE. A review on quality of life in keratinocyte carcinoma patients. Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia. 2013 Jun;148(3):249-54. PubMed PMID: 23670061.
8. Winstanley JB, Young TE, Boyle FM, Bergenmar M, Bottomley A, Burmeister B, et al. Cross-cultural development of a quality-of-life measure for patients with melanoma: phase 3 testing of an EORTC Melanoma Module. Melanoma research. 2015 Feb;25(1):47-58. PubMed PMID: 25325247.
9. Burdon-Jones D, Gibbons K. The Skin Cancer Quality of Life Impact Tool (SCQOLIT): a validated health-related quality of life questionnaire for non-metastatic skin cancers. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV. 2013 Sep;27(9):1109-13. PubMed PMID: 22909179.
10. Ozturkcan S, Ermertcan AT, Eser E, Sahin MT. Cross validation of the Turkish version of dermatology life quality index. International journal of dermatology. 2006 Nov;45(11):1300-7. PubMed PMID: 17076710.
11. James WD, Berger TG, Elston DM, Neuhaus IM, Micheletti RG, Andrews GC. Andrews' diseases of the skin clinical dermatology 2015. Available from: http://ezproxy.usherbrooke.ca/login?url=https://www.clinicalkey.com/dura/browse/bookChapter/3-s2.0-C20120068895.
12. Miller SJ, Alam M, Andersen J, Berg D, Bichakjian CK, Bowen G, et al. Basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. 2010;8(8):836-64.
13. Coit DG, Andtbacka R, Anker CJ, Bichakjian CK, Carson WE, Daud A, et al. Melanoma, version 2.2013 featured updates to the NCCN guidelines. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. 2013;11(4):395-407.
14. Chen SC. Dermatology quality of life instruments: sorting out the quagmire. The Journal of investigative dermatology. 2007 Dec;127(12):2695-6. PubMed PMID: 18007683.
15. Both H, Essink-Bot ML, Busschbach J, Nijsten T. Critical review of generic and dermatology-specific health-related quality of life instruments. The Journal of investigative dermatology. 2007 Dec;127(12):2726-39. PubMed PMID: 17989733.
16. Cornish D, Holterhues C, van de Poll-Franse LV, Coebergh JW, Nijsten T. A systematic review of health-related quality of life in cutaneous melanoma. Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO. 2009 Aug;20 Suppl 6:vi51-8. PubMed PMID: 19617298. Pubmed Central PMCID: 2712593.
17. Essers BA, Nieman FH, Prins MH, Krekels GA, Smeets NW, Neumann HA. Determinants of satisfaction with the health state of the facial skin in patients undergoing surgery for facial basal cell carcinoma. Patient education and counseling. 2006 Feb;60(2):179-86. PubMed PMID: 16442459.
18. Vinding GR, Christensen KB, Esmann S, Olesen AB, Jemec GB. Quality of life in non-melanoma skin cancer--the skin cancer quality of life (SCQoL) questionnaire. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al]. 2013 Dec;39(12):1784-93. PubMed PMID: 24237851.
19. Waalboer-Spuij R, Hollestein LM, Timman R, van de Poll-Franse LV, Nijsten TE. Development and Validation of the Basal and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Quality of Life (BaSQoL) Questionnaire. Acta dermato-venereologica. 2018 Feb 7;98(2):234-9. PubMed PMID: 28952653.
20. Beutel ME, Fischbeck S, Binder H, Blettner M, Brahler E, Emrich K, et al. Depression, anxiety and quality of life in long-term survivors of malignant melanoma: a register-based cohort study. PloS one. 2015;10(1):e0116440. PubMed PMID: 25615573. Pubmed Central PMCID: 4304781.
21. Bourdon M, Blanchin M, Tessier P, Campone M, Quereux G, Dravet F, et al. Changes in quality of life after a diagnosis of cancer: a 2-year study comparing breast cancer and melanoma patients. Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation. 2016 Aug;25(8):1969-79. PubMed PMID: 26886927.
22. Engel J, Schlesinger-Raab A, Emeny R, Holzel D, Schubert-Fritschle G. Quality of life in women with localised breast cancer or malignant melanoma 2 years after initial treatment: a comparison. International journal of behavioral medicine. 2014 Jun;21(3):478-86. PubMed PMID: 23897272.
23. Schubert-Fritschle G, Schlesinger-Raab A, Hein R, Stolz W, Volkenandt M, Holzel D, et al. Quality of life and comorbidity in localized malignant melanoma: results of a German population-based cohort study. International journal of dermatology. 2013 Jun;52(6):693-704. PubMed PMID: 23432215.
24. Steinbauer J, Koller M, Kohl E, Karrer S, Landthaler M, Szeimies RM. Quality of life in health care of non-melanoma skin cancer - results of a pilot study. Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG. 2011 Feb;9(2):129-35. PubMed PMID: 21029377.
25. Rhee JS, Matthews BA, Neuburg M, Smith TL, Burzynski M, Nattinger AB. Quality of life and sun-protective behavior in patients with skin cancer. Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery. 2004 Feb;130(2):141-6. PubMed PMID: 14967741.
26. Barbato MT, Bakos L, Bakos RM, Prieb R, Andrade CD. Predictors of quality of life in patients with skin melanoma at the dermatology department of the Porto Alegre Teaching Hospital. Anais brasileiros de dermatologia. 2011 Mar-Apr;86(2):249-56. PubMed PMID: 21603807.
27. Holterhues C, Cornish D, van de Poll-Franse LV, Krekels G, Koedijk F, Kuijpers D, et al. Impact of melanoma on patients' lives among 562 survivors: a Dutch population-based study. Archives of dermatology. 2011 Feb;147(2):177-85. PubMed PMID: 21339445.
28. Blackford S, Roberts D, Salek MS, Finlay A. Basal cell carcinomas cause little handicap. Quality of Life Research. 1996;5(2):191-4.
29. Chren MM, Sahay AP, Bertenthal DS, Sen S, Landefeld CS. Quality-of-life outcomes of treatments for cutaneous basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The Journal of investigative dermatology. 2007 Jun;127(6):1351-7. PubMed PMID: 17301830.